FTC Imposes $2 Million Penalty on Temu for Violations of the INFORM Consumers Act: Key Compliance Obligations for Online Marketplaces

The FTC’s first INFORM Consumers Act enforcement resulted in a $2 million penalty against Temu for alleged inadequate consumer reporting mechanisms and seller disclosure failures. This landmark case sets compliance precedents for all online marketplaces. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has taken its first enforcement action under the INFORM Consumers Act, fining Temu $2 million for …

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Scaling AI Governance: From Foundation to Enterprise-Wide Implementation

Scaling AI governance requires moving beyond policy documentation to operationalize three critical capabilities: structured intake processes that assess risk from project inception, comprehensive system inventories that track all AI implementations, and continuous oversight frameworks that adapt to evolving regulatory requirements. This guide examines how leading organizations build scalable governance infrastructure while navigating complex compliance landscapes, …

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Annual Privacy Policy Updates: From Optional Best Practice to Enforcement Priority

The California Privacy Protection Agency’s recent enforcement action against Tractor Supply Company marks a watershed moment for privacy compliance, elevating routine privacy notice maintenance from administrative oversight to regulatory enforcement priority. The landscape of privacy compliance underwent a significant shift in August 2025 when the California Privacy Protection Agency (CPPA) filed its first judicial action …

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Navigating Texas SB140: Implications for Text Message Marketing Compliance

On June 20, 2025, Governor Abbott signed SB140 into law. The new telemarketing requirements and expanded enforcement provisions will take effect on September 1, 2025. This significant piece of legislation fundamentally reshapes the landscape for businesses engaged in text message marketing to Texas consumers, creating new compliance obligations and substantially increasing litigation risks. December 2025 …

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Under 18 Is the New Under 13: The Expanding Scope of Children’s Privacy Laws

Regulators at both the federal and state levels are rapidly expanding their focus on children’s and teens’ privacy, moving beyond the long-standing under-13 threshold established by the federal Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). This new direction reflects growing recognition that teens, not just younger children, are vulnerable to data misuse, manipulation, and targeted marketing online. The …

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Privacy and Confidentiality in the Age of AI: A Comprehensive Legal Guide

Artificial intelligence tools like ChatGPT, Google Gemini, Anthropic Claude, and Perplexity AI are widely used in legal and business settings. These platforms help improve efficiency but also raise significant privacy and confidentiality concerns. Understanding how each platform handles data retention, privacy settings, and access controls is essential to managing legal risks and protecting sensitive information. …

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CPPA Enforcement Spotlight: Tractor Supply Investigation Highlights Critical CCPA Compliance Lessons

The California Privacy Protection Agency (CPPA) recently made its first public disclosure of an ongoing investigation by filing a petition to enforce a subpoena against Tractor Supply Company. This step underscores the CPPA’s increasing enforcement vigilance and the importance of complying with California’s landmark privacy law, the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). Background: Scope of …

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New York’s Algorithmic Pricing Disclosure Law: Compliance, Controversy, and What Businesses Need to Know

A groundbreaking new regulation in New York is poised to transform the way businesses approach online pricing and transparency. The recently enacted New York Algorithmic Pricing Disclosure Act requires businesses to notify consumers when prices are set by algorithms using personal data. In this article, we examine the law’s requirements, the rationale behind them, compliance …

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The GENIUS Act Ushers in a New Era of U.S. Stablecoin Law

The passage of the GENIUS Act in July 2025 marks a historic transformation for U.S. stablecoin regulation, introducing federal standards and consumer protections after years of fragmented oversight. This new law is already redefining the compliance landscape for financial institutions, blockchain innovators, and digital asset service providers, while also coinciding with other landmark legislative efforts, …

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Legal Risks of Restricting Online Reviews and Lessons from Campaign–Tao v. Uniqlo for Website Terms and Conditions

As e-commerce evolves, so does the scrutiny of website and app terms and conditions. The recent case of Campaign–Tao v. Uniqlo exemplifies the risks businesses face from “opportunistic litigation” targeting technical or ambiguous contract language, especially clauses that attempt to restrict online reviews. This trend, reminiscent of ADA website claims and California Invasion of Privacy Act (CIPA) …

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