Texas SB 140 Update: Stipulated Order Provides Relief for Consent-Based Text Marketers—But Questions Remain

Update: The Secretary of State has requested a formal opinion from the Texas Attorney General as per the settlement (see copy of request here). Since Texas Senate Bill 140 took effect on September 1, 2025, businesses engaged in SMS marketing have grappled with significant uncertainty over the law’s scope. As we detailed in our initial analysis of the …

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Trump’s Call for Federal AI Standards: How State-by-State Regulation Threatens U.S. Innovation and Global Competitiveness

President Donald Trump has reignited a critical debate over artificial intelligence regulation in America, warning that the current patchwork of state-level AI laws threatens to undermine U.S. innovation and hand China a competitive advantage in the global AI race. In a forceful Truth Social post this week, Trump urged a single federal standard for AI …

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California Privacy Agency Advances Bold Whistleblower Program to Enforce CCPA Violations

Understanding the CPPA’s Proposed Incentive and Protection Framework The California Privacy Protection Agency (CPPA) is signaling a significant shift in how it plans to enforce the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). On November 7, 2025, the CPPA Board advanced several legislative proposals for the 2026 legislative session, with a comprehensive whistleblower program emerging as one …

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AppLovin SEC Investigation: Key Compliance Takeaways for Mobile Advertising Companies

Understanding the Regulatory Scrutiny of Data Collection and Targeted Advertising Practices Executive Summary The Securities and Exchange Commission’s reported investigation into mobile advertising company AppLovin highlights growing regulatory attention on data collection practices, targeted advertising compliance, and children’s privacy protections in the digital advertising ecosystem. For companies operating in the ad-tech space, this development serves …

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10 Critical Privacy Compliance Components Every Business Must Review in 2025

As privacy enforcement intensifies across the United States, businesses face unprecedented scrutiny from state regulators working together in coordinated investigations. From the California Privacy Protection Agency’s record-breaking settlements to multistate enforcement sweeps targeting noncompliance, the consequences of inadequate privacy practices have never been more severe. Whether you operate an e-commerce platform, manage a healthcare website, …

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California AG Secures $530,000 Settlement with Sling TV: A New Phase in CCPA Enforcement

California Attorney General Rob Bonta recently announced a $530,000 settlement with Sling TV, marking the fifth enforcement action by the Attorney General’s office and the eighth overall under the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) since its enactment (See other enforcement actions against: Honda, Todd Snyder, Healthline, among others). The official press release detailing the case is available on the California OAG’s website, and the …

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SEC’s DoubleZero No-Action Letter: A Potential Turning Point for Decentralized Infrastructure Networks

In a significant development that may reshape the regulatory landscape for decentralized physical infrastructure networks (DePIN), the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Corporation Finance issued a groundbreaking no-action letter to DoubleZero Foundation on September 29, 2025. This decision represents one of the most comprehensive analyses of cryptocurrency token distributions under federal securities laws in …

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The Salomon Brothers Bitcoin Dusting Campaign: Novel Legal Theory or Speculative Overreach?

A Legal Analysis of Constructive Possession Claims, Abandoned Property Law, and Self-Custodial Digital Assets Executive Summary In summer 2025, an unknown client of Salomon Brothers Securities Inc. executed an unprecedented campaign, sending over 41,000 OP_RETURN messages to dormant Bitcoin wallets controlling approximately 2.3 million BTC (roughly 11% of Bitcoin’s circulating supply). These messages claimed “constructive …

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CPPA’s $1.35 Million Tractor Supply Settlement: Major CCPA Enforcement Lessons on Opt-Out Rights and Privacy Compliance

On September 26, 2025, the California Privacy Protection Agency (CPPA) Board adopted a Stipulated Final Order imposing a $1.35 million administrative fine against Tractor Supply Company for multiple violations of the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). This enforcement action, announced by the CPPA, represents one of the agency’s most significant settlements to date and offers …

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